This paper discusses the history and political effects of the Roman civil war in 68 AD.
The paper focuses on the political activity of the year 68 AD in the Roman Empire. It begins with the death of Nero and a summary of his leadership. It follows with Galba’s declaration as leader of Rome and a discussion of his reign as emperor, focusing on the mistakes that led to his downfall. Next, the paper looks at Emperor Otho’s brief rule of ninety-four days, and the reasons for his defeat. The paper then moves on to Vitellius’ plot to win the throne, his military encounters and his surrender and abdication to Flavius Sabinus. The paper concludes with the rise of the emperor Vespasian. Vespasian’s political career is summarized and his method of restoring order is explained.
“What is referred to by historians as The Long Year or The Year of the Four Emperors centers around the events of the year 69 A.D., but stretches beyond in either direction. It begins with the heirless death of Nero in 68, followed by the quick succession of four powerful military commanders: Galba, Otho, Vitellius and Vespasian. Unlike his three predecessors, Vespasian was able to hold on to his power and found the Flavian dynasty of emperors.”